LINE PIPE API 5L: PSL1 vs PSL2

What is the difference between PIPE API 5L: PSL1 and PSL2?

API 5L SEAMLESS & WELDED PIPE

American Piping Products stocks API 5L pipe in grades B, X42, X52, X60, X65 & X70.

Sizes

Seamless from 2″ NPS to 36″ OD
ERW from 2″ NPS to 24″ OD
DSAW from 20″ to 48″ OD

Scope

ANSI / API 5L specifies the manufacture of two product levels (PSL1 and PSL2) of seamless and welded steel pipe for the use of a pipeline in the transportation of petroleum and natural gas. For material use in a sour service application, refer to Annex H; for offshore service application, refer to Annex J of API 5L 45th Edition.

Process

Ingots, blooms, billets, coils or plates used for the manufacture of pipe shall be made via basic oxygen, electric furnace or open hearth in combination with a ladle refining process. For PSL2, the steel shall be killed and melted according to a fine grain practice. Coil or plate used for PSL2 pipe shall not contain any repair welds.

Delivery condition

PSL	Delivery Condition	Pipe grade
PSL1	As-rolled, normalized, normalizing formed	A
	As-rolled, normalizing rolled, thermomechanical rolled, thermo-mechanical formed, normalizing formed, normalized, normalized and tempered or if agreed Q&T SMLS only	B
	As-rolled, normalizing rolled, thermomechanical rolled, thermo-mechanical formed, normalizing formed, normalized, normalized and tempered	X42, X46, X52, X56, X60, X65, X70
PSL 2	As-rolled	BR, X42R
	Normalizing rolled, normalizing formed, normalized or normalized and tempered	BN, X42N, X46N, X52N, X56N, X60N
	Quenched and tempered	BQ, X42Q, X46Q, X56Q, X60Q, X65Q, X70Q, X80Q, X90Q, X100Q
	Thermomechanical rolled or thermomechanical formed	BM, X42M, X46M, X56M, X60M, X65M, X70M, X80M
	Thermomechanical rolled	X90M, X100M, X120M
	The suffice (R, N, Q or M) for PSL2 grades, belongs to the steel grade

Chemical requirements

Chemical Composition for PSL 1 pipe with t ≤ 0.984”

Steel Grade	Mass fraction, % based on heat and product analyses a,g
	C	Mn	P	S	V	Nb	Ti
	max b	max b	max	max	max	max	max
Seamless Pipe
A	0.22	0.9	0.3	0.3	–	–	–
B	0.28	1.2	0.3	0.3	c,d	c,d	d
X42	0.28	1.3	0.3	0.3	d	d	d
X46	0.28	1.4	0.3	0.3	d	d	d
X52	0.28	1.4	0.3	0.3	d	d	d
X56	0.28	1.4	0.3	0.3	d	d	d
X60	0.28 e	1.40 e	0.3	0.3	f	f	f
X65	0.28 e	1.40 e	0.3	0.3	f	f	f
X70	0.28 e	1.40 e	0.3	0.3	f	f	f
Welded Pipe
A	0.22	0.9	0.3	0.3	–	–	–
B	0.26	1.2	0.3	0.3	c,d	c,d	d
X42	0.26	1.3	0.3	0.3	d	d	d
X46	0.26	1.4	0.3	0.3	d	d	d
X52	0.26	1.4	0.3	0.3	d	d	d
X56	0.26	1.4	0.3	0.3	d	d	d
X60	0.26 e	1.40 e	0.3	0.3	f	f	f
X65	0.26 e	1.45 e	0.3	0.3	f	f	f
X70	0.26e	1.65 e	0.3	0.3	f	f	f
a. Cu ≤ = 0.50% Ni; ≤ 0.50%; Cr ≤ 0.50%; and Mo ≤ 0.15%, b. For each reduction of 0.01% below the specified maximum concentration for carbon, an increase of 0.05% above the specified maximum concentration for Mn is permissible, up to a maximum of 1.65% for grades ≥ L245 or B, but ≤ L360 or X52; up to a maximum of 1.75% for grades > L360 or X52, but < L485 or X70; and up to a maximum of 2.00% for grade L485 or X70., c. Unless otherwise agreed NB + V ≤ 0.06%, d. Nb + V + TI ≤ 0.15%, e. Unless otherwise agreed., f. Unless otherwise agreed, NB + V = Ti ≤ 0.15%, g. No deliberate addition of B is permitted and the residual B ≤ 0.001%

Chemical Composition for PSL 2 pipe with t ≤ 0.984”

Steel Grade	Mass fraction, % based on heat and product analyses																		Carbon Equiv a
	C		Si		Mn		P		S		V		Nb		Ti		Other		CE IIW		CE Pcm
	max b		max		max b		max		max		max		max		max		Other		max		max
Seamless and Welded Pipe
BR	0.24		0.4		1.2		0.025		0.015		c		c		0.04		e,l		0.43		0.25
X42R	0.24		0.4		1.2		0.025		0.015		0.06		0.05		0.04		e,l		0.43		0.25
BN	0.24		0.4		1.2		0.025		0.015		c		c		0.04		e,l		0.43		0.25
X42N	0.24		0.4		1.2		0.025		0.015		0.06		0.05		0.04		e,l		0.43		0.25
X46N	0.24		0.4		1.4		0.025		0.015		0.07		0.05		0.04		d,e,l		0.43		0.25
X52N	0.24		0.45		1.4		0.025		0.015		0.1		0.05		0.04		d,e,l		0.43		0.25
X56N	0.24		0.45		1.4		0.025		0.015		0.10f		0.05		0.04		d,e,l		0.43		0.25
X60N	0.24f		0.45f		1.40f		0.025		0.015		0.10f		0.05f		0.04f		g,h,l		As agreed
BQ	0.18		0.45		1.4		0.025		0.015		0.05		0.05		0.04		e,l		0.43		0.25
X42Q	0.18		0.45		1.4		0.025		0.015		0.05		0.05		0.04		e,l		0.43		0.25
X46Q	0.18		0.45		1.4		0.025		0.015		0.05		0.05		0.04		e,l		0.43		0.25
X52Q	0.18		0.45		1.5		0.025		0.015		0.05		0.05		0.04		e,l		0.43		0.25
X56Q	0.18		0.45f		1.5		0.025		0.015		0.07		0.05		0.04		e,l		0.43		0.25
X60Q	0.18f		0.45f		1.70f		0.025		0.015		g		g		g		h,l		0.43		0.25
X65Q	0.18f		0.45f		1.70f		0.025		0.015		g		g		g		h,l		0.43		0.25
X70Q	0.18f		0.45f		1.80f		0.025		0.015		g		g		g		h,l		0.43		0.25
X80Q	0.18f		0.45f		1.90f		0.025		0.015		g		g		g		i,j		As agreed
X90Q	0.16f		0.45f		1.9		0.02		0.01		g		g		g		j,k		As agreed
X100Q	0.16f		0.45f		1.9		0.02		0.01		g		g		g		j,k		As agreed
Welded Pipe
BM		0.22		0.45		1.2		0.025		0.015		0.05		0.05		0.04		e,l		0.43	0.25
X42M		0.22		0.45		1.3		0.025		0.015		0.05		0.05		0.04		e,l		0.43	0.25
X46M		0.22		0.45		1.3		0.025		0.015		0.05		0.05		0.04		e,l		0.43	0.25
X52M		0.22		0.45		1.4		0.025		0.015		d		d		d		e,l		0.43	0.25
X56M		0.22		0.45f		1.4		0.025		0.015		d		d		d		e,l		0.43	0.25
X60M		0.12f		0.45f		1.60f		0.025		0.015		g		g		g		h,l		0.43	0.25
X65M		0.12f		0.45f		1.60f		0.025		0.015		g		g		g		h,l		0.43	0.25
X70M		0.12f		0.45f		1.70f		0.025		0.015		g		g		g		h,l		0.43	0.25
X80M		0.12f		0.45f		1.85f		0.025		0.015		g		g		g		i,j		.043f	0.25
X90M		0.1		0.55f		2.10f		0.02		0.01		g		g		g		i,j		–	0.25
X100M		0.1		0.55f		2.10f		0.02		0.01		g		g		g		i,j		–	0.25
a. SMLS t>0.787”, CE limits shall be as agreed. The CEIIW limits applied fi C > 0.12% and the CEPcm limits apply if C ≤ 0.12%, b. For each reduction of 0.01% below the specified maximum for C, an increase of 0.05% above the specified maximum for Mn is permissible, up to a maximum of 1.65% for grades ≥ L245 or B, but ≤ L360 or X52; up to a maximum of 1.75% for grades > L360 or X52, but < L485 or X70; up to a maximum of 2.00% for grades ≥ L485 or X70, but ≤ L555 or X80; and up to a maximum of 2.20% for grades > L555 or X80., c. Unless otherwise agreed Nb = V ≤ 0.06%, d. Nb = V = Ti ≤ 0.15%, e. Unless otherwise agreed, Cu ≤ 0.50%; Ni ≤ 0.30% Cr ≤ 0.30% and Mo ≤ 0.15%, f. Unless otherwise agreed, g. Unless otherwise agreed, Nb + V + Ti ≤ 0.15%, h. Unless otherwise agreed, Cu ≤ 0.50% Ni ≤ 0.50% Cr ≤ 0.50% and MO ≤ 0.50%, i. Unless otherwise agreed, Cu ≤ 0.50% Ni ≤ 1.00% Cr ≤ 0.50% and MO ≤ 0.50%, j. B ≤ 0.004%, k. Unless otherwise agreed, Cu ≤ 0.50% Ni ≤ 1.00% Cr ≤ 0.55% and MO ≤ 0.80%, l. For all PSL 2 pipe grades except those grades with footnotes j noted, the following applies. Unless otherwise agreed no intentional addition of B is permitted and residual B ≤ 0.001%.

Mechanical properties

Pipe Grade	Tensile Properties – Pipe Body of SMLS and Welded Pipes PSL 1			Seam of Welded Pipe
	Yield Strength a	Tensile Strength a	Elongation	Tensile Strength b
	Rt0,5 PSI Min	Rm PSI Min	(in 2in Af % min)	Rm PSI Min
A	30,500	48,600	c	48,600
B	35,500	60,200	c	60,200
X42	42,100	60,200	c	60,200
X46	46,400	63,100	c	63,100
X52	52,200	66,700	c	66,700
X56	56,600	71,100	c	71,100
X60	60,200	75,400	c	75,400
X65	65,300	77,500	c	77,500
X70	70,300	82,700	c	82,700
a. For intermediate grade, the difference between the specified minimum tensile strength and the specified minimum yield for the pipe body shall be as given for the next higher grade.
b. For the intermediate grades, the specified minimum tensile strength for the weld seam shall be the same as determined for the body using foot note a.
c. The specified minimum elongation, Af, expressed in percent and rounded to the nearest percent, shall be determined using the following equation:

Where C is 1 940 for calculation using Si units and 625 000 for calculation using USC units
Axc is the applicable tensile test piece cross-sectional area, expressed in square millimeters (square inches) , as follows
– For circular cross-section test pieces, 130mm2 (0.20 in2) for 12.7 mm (0.500 in) and 8.9 mm (.350 in) diameter test pieces; and 65 mm2 (0.10 in2) for 6.4 mm (0.250in) diameter test pieces.
– For full-section test pieces, the lesser of a) 485 mm2 (0.75 in2) and b) the cross-sectional area of the test piece, derived using the specified outside diameter and the specified wall thickness of the pipe, rounded to the nearest 10 mm2 (0.10in2)
– For strip test pieces, the lesser of a) 485 mm2 (0.75 in2) and b) the cross-sectional area of the test piece, derived using the specified width of the test piece and the specified wall thickness of the pipe, rounded to the nearest 10 mm2 (0.10in2)
U is the specified minimum tensile strength, expressed in megapascals (pounds per square inch)

Pipe Grade	Tensile Properties – Pipe Body of SMLS and Welded Pipes PSL 2						Seam of Welded Pipe
	Yield Strength a		Tensile Strength a		Ratio a,c	Elongation	Tensile Strength d
	Rt0,5 PSI Min		Rm PSI Min		R10,5IRm	(in 2in)	Rm (psi)
						Af %
	Minimum	Maximum	Minimum	Maximum	Maximum	Minimum	Minimum
BR, BN,BQ,BM	35,500	65,300	60,200	95,000	0.93	f	60,200
X42,X42R,X2Q,X42M	42,100	71,800	60,200	95,000	0.93	f	60,200
X46N,X46Q,X46M	46,400	76,100	63,100	95,000	0.93	f	63,100
X52N,X52Q,X52M	52,200	76,900	66,700	110,200	0.93	f	66,700
X56N,X56Q,X56M	56,600	79,000	71,100	110,200	0.93	f	71,100
X60N,X60Q,S60M	60,200	81,900	75,400	110,200	0.93	f	75,400
X65Q,X65M	65,300	87,000	77,600	110,200	0.93	f	76,600
X70Q,X65M	70,300	92,100	82,700	110,200	0.93	f	82,700
X80Q,X80M	80,.500	102,300	90,600	119,700	0.93	f	90,600
a. For intermediate grade, refer to the full API5L specification.
b. for grades > X90 refer to the full API5L specification.
c. This limit applies for pies with D> 12.750 in
d. For intermediate grades, the specified minimum tensile strength for the weld seam shall be the same value as was determined for the pipe body using foot a.
e. for pipe requiring longitudinal testing, the maximum yield strength shall be ≤ 71,800 psi
f. The specified minimum elongation, Af, expressed in percent and rounded to the nearest percent, shall be determined using the following equation:

Where C is 1 940 for calculation using Si units and 625 000 for calculation using USC units
Axc is the applicable tensile test piece cross-sectional area, expressed in square millimeters (square inches) , as follows
– For circular cross-section test pieces, 130mm2 (0.20 in2) for 12.7 mm (0.500 in) and 8.9 mm (.350 in) diameter test pieces; and 65 mm2 (0.10 in2) for 6.4 mm (0.250in) diameter test pieces.
– For full-section test pieces, the lesser of a) 485 mm2 (0.75 in2) and b) the cross-sectional area of the test piece, derived using the specified outside diameter and the specified wall thickness of the pipe, rounded to the nearest 10 mm2 (0.10in2)
– For strip test pieces, the lesser of a) 485 mm2 (0.75 in2) and b) the cross-sectional area of the test piece, derived using the specified width of the test piece and the specified wall thickness of the pipe, rounded to the nearest 10 mm2 (0.10in2)
U is the specified minimum tensile strength, expressed in megapascals (pounds per square inch
g. Lower values fo R10,5IRm may be specified by agreement
h. for grades > x90 refer to the full API5L specification.

Hydrostatic test

Pipe to withstand a hydrostatic test without leakage through the weld seam or the pipe body. Jointers need not be hydrostatic tested provide the pipe sections used were successfully tested.

Bend test

No cracks shall occur in any portion of the test piece and no opening of the weld shall occur.

Flattening test

Acceptance criteria for flattening test shall be:

EW pipes D<12.750 in:
X60 with T 500in. There shall be no opening of the weld before the distance between the plates is less than 66% of the original outside diameter. For all grades and wall, 50%.
For pipe with a D/t > 10, there shall be no opening of the weld before the distance between the plates is less than 30% of the original outside diameter.
For other sizes refer to the full API 5L specification.

CVN impact test for PSL2

Many PSL2 pipe sizes and grades require CVN. Seamless pipe is to be tested in the body. Welded pipe is to be tested in the body, pipe weld and heat-affected zone. Refer to the full API 5L specification for the chart of sizes and grades and required absorbed energy values.

PSL is short for the product specification levels. Product specification level pipeline is divided into PSL1 and PSL2, it can be said the quality level is divided into PSL1 and PSL2. PSL2 is higher than PSL2, these two specification level not only have difference testing requirements, and the chemical composition, mechanical properties requirement are different, so, when ordering according to API 5L, terms of the contract in addition to th usuall indicators of the size & grade, must also indicate the product specification level, ex PSL 1 or PSL 2. PSL2 in chemical composition, tensile properties, the impact energy, non-destructive testing and other indicators are more stringent than PSL 1.

API 5L PSL 1 VS. PSL 2 COMPARISON SPEC SHEET

	PSL 1	PSL 2
Grade range	A25 through X70	GR B through X80	Table 1
Size range	0.405 through 80	4-2/1 through 80	Table 1
Type of pipe ends	Plain-end, threaded-end, bevelled-end, special coupling pipe	Plain-end	Table 1
Seam welding	All methods continous welding limited to Grade A25	All methods except continous and laser welding	Table 1
Electric welds: welder frequency	No minimum	100 kHz minimum	5.1.3.3.2
Heat treatments of electric welds	Required for grades > X42	Required for all grades (GR B through X80)	5.1.3.3.1; J.3.3.2:6.2.7
Chemistry: max C for seamless pipe	0.28% for grades > Gr B	0.24%	Tables 2A, 2B
Chemistry: max C for welded pipe	0.26% for grades > Gr B	0.22%	Tables 2A, 2B
Chemistry: max P	0.03%	0.03%	Tables 2A, 2B
Chemistry: max S	Only when purchases specifies SR18	0.02%	Tables 2A, 2B
Carbon equivalent	None	Maximum required for each grade	4.2:4.3:6.1.3: SR15.1
Yield strength, maximum	None	Maximum for each grade	Tables 3A, 3B
UTS, maximum	None required	Maximum for each grade	Tables 3A, 3B
Fracture toughness	Only when purchaser specifies SR4	Required for all grades	6.2.6; 9.3.5: 9.8.4; 9.10.7;
Non-destructive inspection of seamless pipes	Permitted	SR4 mandatory	Table 14 9.7.2.6
Repare by welding of pipe body, plate and skelp	Permitted by agreement	Prohibited	5.3.2;9.7.6: B.1;B.2
Certification	Certificates when specified per SR15	Prohibited	4.3;9.7.4.4;9.7.6;B.1.2;B.4
Traceability	Traceable only until all tests are passed unless SR15 is specified	Certificates (SR15.1) mandatory Traceable after completion of tests (SR15.2) mandatory	12.1 5.6

Notes:
*PSL1 & PSL2 requirements are given in the latest edition of API 5L specifications

LINE PIPE API 5L: PSL1 vs PSL2

Published by ADMIN on

LINE PIPE API 5L: PSL1 vs PSL2

American Piping Products stocks API 5L pipe in grades B, X42, X52, X60, X65 & X70.

Sizes

Scope

Process

Delivery condition

Chemical requirements

Chemical Composition for PSL 1 pipe with t ≤ 0.984”